Figure 1.
Phase analysis of β-cell glycolytic oscillations. (A) Oscillations in β-cell membrane potential (Vm) stimulated by 10 mM glucose (10G) were used to define the silent phase (SP) and active phase (AP). As depicted, phase was defined as a fraction of the AP. (B) Response of FBP-sensitive PKAR FRET to glucose (0–40 mM, n = 18). (C) Example recording of Vm-FBP oscillations (n = 7). (D) The relationship between the period of Vm and FBP is plotted for individual oscillations (open circles) and islet averages (solid boxes), which were fit by linear regression. (E) The phase of each FBP peak and nadir was calculated relative to Vm as in (A) and plotted as a histogram. The charts reflect 24 APs from seven simultaneous Vm-PKAR recordings. (F) The DOM clearly predicts a different phase relationship than we observed, with the FBP and Vm being largely in phase. Equations for the model are described in the companion article (39). To see this figure in color, go online.