. 2016 Feb 4;19(1):20642. doi: 10.7448/IAS.19.1.20642

Table 3.

Correlates of over-reporting recent product use per FTFI, and by administration route

	Oral Group N=314					Vaginal Group N=158

Baseline Variables	Univariable Adjusted^*			Multivariable Adjusted^*		Univariable Adjusted^*

Country (adjusted for time)	RR	95% CI	p	RR (95% CI)	p	RR	95% CI	p
Uganda vs. South Africa	0.74	0.55 to 0.99	0.04	1.02 (0.72 to 1.44)	0.91	0.78	0.38 to 1.62	0.51
Zimbabwe vs. South Africa	0.80	0.64 to 0.99	0.04	1.16 (0.81 to 1.64)	0.42	0.69	0.41 to 1.18	0.18
Time (months)	1.01	1.00 to 1.03	0.04	1.01 (1.00 to 1.03)	0.07	1.03	0.96 to 1.1	0.42
Age over 25 vs. 25 or younger	0.88	0.83 to 1.63	0.12			1.20	0.81 to 1.78	0.36
Primary vs. some secondary school or more	1.16	0.75 to 1.79	0.39			1.26	0.63 to 2.66	0.51
Earns own income; Yes vs. no	1.15	0.98 to 1.35	0.08	1.08 (0.92 to 1.26)	0.36	1.06	0.73 to 1.52	0.77
Married vs. not married	0.61	0.45 to 0.85	<0.02	0.68 (0.49 to 0.94)	0.02	1.08	0.59 to 1.98	0.79
Has a primary partner vs. no primary partner	0.86	0.49 to 1.48	0.58			1.03	0.32 to 3.30	0.96
Living with partner vs. not living with partner	0.85	0.70 to 1.04	0.12			1.24	0.78 to 1.97	0.36
Other male sex partners, past 3 months			0.12					0.64
One vs. zero	0.94	0.77 to 1.15				0.78	0.45 to 1.33
2+ vs. zero	1.45	0.98 to 2.17				1.06	0.34 to 3.33
Condom use, last vaginal sex⁴
Yes vs. no	1.11	0.92 to 1.34	0.28			0.96	0.63 to 1.45	0.84
Anal sex, past 3 months
Yes vs. no	1.01	0.72 to 1.26	0.73			1.19	0.77 to 1.85	0.43
Sex work in past year⁴
Yes vs. no	1.13	0.83 to 1.52	0.44			1.1	0.59 to 2.04	0.76
Contraception method³
Oral contraceptive vs. not	0.89	0.72 to 1.08	0.24			1.15	0.74 to 1.79	0.52
Baseline diagnosis of a curable STI¹
Yes vs. No	0.98	0.81 to 1.19	0.82			1.15	0.74 to 1.81	0.53
HSV-2 seropositivity² Yes vs. no	0.96	0.82 to 1.12	0.63			1.18	0.82 to 1.72	0.37
Worried about getting HIV in next year			<0.01		0.04			0.02
Very worried vs. not-at-all worried	1.38	1.13 to 1.70		1.30 (1.06 to 1.6)		0.73	0.48 to 1.10
Somewhat worried vs. not-at-all worried	1.18	0.91 to 1.53		1.14 (0.88 to 1.48)		0.42	0.23 to 0.77
HIV risk score >6 vs. score of 6 or less	0.96	0.82 to 1.14	0.66			0.94	0.62 to 1.42	0.77

We used a Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with random intercept and included all available follow-up quarterly visits with PK measures, adjusting for time (in months) between baseline and PK visit and country. Baseline correlates examined include demographic, sexual behaviour and HIV risk variables, and preselected prior to analysis, as per Table 1.

All univariable and multivariable analyses are presented, controlling for country and time. Marginal Wald Chi-Square Test p-value is provided. If more than one risk factor had a p<0.1, they were entered into a multivariable model.

¹ and ² as described in Table 1.

Collected by face-to-face Interviews (FTFI) on case report forms.

⁴

Collected by audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI).