Table 1.

Fourteen strategies to bridge the gap between science and policy used in the China-Canada survey 2012

Code	Short title	Strategy
a	Collaboration in study design	Involvement of policy makers in the design and framing of research projects.
b	Focus on policy	Conduct of research that focuses on policy questions.
c	Policy briefs	Creative and good packaging of research findings for policy makers – policy briefs, synthesis and summaries, systematic reviews, etc.
d	Web-based portals	Web-based portal/inventory for access to evidence for policy making.
e	Email updates	Email updates of new research or summaries of current research to policy makers.
f	Journal publications	Publications in peer-reviewed journals.
g	Conferences	Conferences and meetings.
h	Policy recommendations	Development of explicit policy recommendations or summaries for research findings.
i	Science-policy forums	Forums for researchers and policy makers to present and hear about research findings and policy requirements.
j	Joint research projects	Partnerships between university scientists and government scientists in joint research projects.
k	Personal contact	Personal contact between scientists and policy makers.
l	Knowledge brokers	Utilization of third party knowledge brokers (information specialists or consultants) to go between scientists and policy makers.
m	Collaboration in analysis	Collaboration between scientists and policy makers in analysis, writing up, and/or dissemination of findings.
n	Co-authorship	Co-authorship of a research publication between scientists and policy makers.