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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Feb 7.
Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2014 Nov-Dec;76(9):726–731. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000119

Figure 2.

Figure 2

A comparison of heart failure patients that scored in the range of minimal, mild and moderate-to-severe depression symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory for beta 2- adrenergic receptor sensitivity (determine with cAMP stimulation index). Patients with mild depression symptoms had significantly lower beta 2- adrenergic receptor sensitivity than those with minimal symptoms. Patients with moderate-to-severe depression symptoms had significantly higher beta 2- adrenergic receptor sensitivity than patients with mild depression symptoms. Reported means are adjusted for LVEF, NYHA class and HF with preserved systolic function, antidepressant use and race. Error bars consist of standard error of the mean (SEM). log cAMP SI = log isoproteronol stimulated /log non-stimulated cAMP levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. * p < .05