Table 1.

Examples of publicly reported quality measures at hospital or medical group level in Massachusetts and the Netherlands

Indicators	Massachusetts	Massachusetts and the Netherlands	Netherlands
Screening and prevention	Well-child visits Colorectal cancer screening Chlamydia screening	Breast cancer screening* Cervical cancer screening*
Process of Health Care	CVD management Imaging tests LBP when appropriate Spirometry test COPD Pediatric medication and testing AMI management Heart failure management Pneumonia management	Diabetes management Medication monitoring (Surgical) infection prevention	Pain management in surgery and childbirth Volume of surgical procedures Breast cancer management Stroke management Hip fracture surgery <24 hours hospitalization Hip replacement management Ear/nose/throat surgery management Urinary incontinence management
Health Outcomes	Risk-adjusted Readmission Rates for heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia	Massachusetts: Mortality (HSMR) for angioplasty, bypass surgery, hip fracture, hip replacement, stroke, heart attack, heart failure, pneumonia Netherlands: Overall HSMR; death after hospitalization heart attack & angioplasty	Pain severity after surgery Residual malignant tissue after breast cancer surgery Re-surgery incidence (hip fracture, colorectal cancer, ear/nose/throat surgery) Death <1 yr after cardiology outpatient consult
Access to Health care		Access to preventive services, ambulatory services, primary care physician, annual dental visit, substance abuse therapy
Patient Experience	HCAHPS CG-CAHPS ACES	Dutch CQ-index is based on CAHPS methodology and measures similar domains. ACES and CQ- Primary Care Physician index** cover similar domains.	CQ-index

Source: Public websites; Massachusetts: hospital compare, my healthcare options, quality insights, Netherlands: kiesbeter.nl, ziekenhuizentransparant.nl Notes CVD: Cardiovascular Disease; LBP: Low Back Pain; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; HSMR: Hospital Standardized Mortality Rate; HCAPHS: Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers; CG-CAHPS: Clinician/Group Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers; CQ-index: Consumer Quality Index;

^*Conducted by regional groups within national population screening programs;

^**Results of CQ-Primary Care Physician Index are not publicly available yet.