TABLE 2.

Comparison of anti-HIV responses between infected adults and infants

Immune parameter	Infants	Adults	References
Env-specific antibody responses	gp160-specific antibodies develop first, followed by gp120- and gp41-specific responses	gp41-specific antibodies develop first, followed by gp120 responses	41, 44
Broadly neutralizing responses	Can develop broad neutralization as early as 2 yr postinfection	Develop after several yr of infection	54, 55
ADCC responses	Delayed development of ADCC-mediating antibodies in infants infected in utero and intrapartum but not in infants infected after 6 wk of age	Peak ADCC responses as early as 4 mo postinfection	47–49
T cell responses	Low CTL responses; possible association between noncytotoxic T cell responses and virus controla	CTL responses associated with virus set point	56–62
	Target predominantly variable proteins	Target conserved and variable proteins

^aCTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytes.