TABLE 3.
Absolute lymphocyte subset concentrations in venous blood from Malawian children with malaria
| Lymphocyte subset | Median valuea (10th–90th percentile) for clinical group: |
P value forb: |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 42) | Cerebral malaria |
Severe malarial anemia |
Uncomplicated malaria |
Differences between acute groups and controls (Kruskal-Wallis, adjusted) | Acute group differences independent of age (nonparametric ANCOVA, adjusted) | Differences between Conv groups and controls (Kruskal-Wallis, adjusted) | Conv group differences independent of age (nonparametric ANCOVA, adjusted) | ||||
| Acute (n = 29) | Convc (n = 18) | Acute (n = 30) | Conv (n = 21) | Acute (n = 54) | Conv (n = 34) | ||||||
| Total lymphocytes | 5,250 (3,500–7,470) | 2,100 (960–4,460) | 4,750 (2,720–6,760) | 5,950 (2,340–14,540) | 5,300 (2,520–11,200) | 3,700 (1,600–6,900) | 5,200 (3,190–9,160) | 8.2 × 10−9 | 5.6 × 10−3 | 0.90 | 0.37 |
| T cells (CD3+) | 3,317 (1,989–4,627) | 1,208 (683–2,919) | 3,414 (2,067–4,337) | 3,446 (1,386–8,904) | 3,558 (1,816–6,515) | 2,543 (1,002–4,582) | 3,671 (2,108–5,829) | 1.7 × 10−8 | 5.6 × 10−3 | 0.90 | 0.23 |
| CD4+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+) | 1,763 (1,154–2,665) | 717 (381–1,533) | 1,812 (1,081–2,798) | 1,651 (772–5,658) | 1,873 (755–4,002) | 1,189 (496–2,022) | 1,678 (1,110–3,065) | 1.4 × 10−8 | 0.011 | 0.95 | 0.60 |
| CD8+ T cells (CD3+ CD8+) | 1,304 (710–1,984) | 442 (201–1,017) | 1,268 (807–2,001) | 1,581 (504–4,106) | 1,550 (623–3,283) | 1,029 (360–1,772) | 1,197 (861–2,717) | 6.1 × 10−8 | 0.045 | 0.90 | 0.23 |
| γδ T cells (CD3+ γδ TCR+d) | 198 (82–368) | 116 (32–343) | 391 (122–672) | 432 (76–2,272) | 296 (97–879) | 239 (68–837) | 290 (125–750) | 1.5 × 10−3 | 0.19 | 0.074 | 0.52 |
| B cells (CD19+) | 1,342 (692–2,586) | 651 (242–1,527) | 761 (439–2,044) | 1,836 (558–5,597) | 1,223 (523–2,322) | 990 (379–1,869) | 1,070 (565–3,308) | 4.3 × 10−6 | 0.021 | 0.44 | 0.60 |
| NK cells (CD3− CD56+) | 310 (98–767) | 111 (42–243) | 266 (106–908) | 358 (136–1,022) | 484 (141–769) | 225 (94–713) | 317 (135–822) | 3.8 × 10−7 | 0.037 | 0.81 | 0.60 |
| NK T cells (CD3+ CD56+) | 58 (25–114) | 37 (10–87) | 75 (30–138) | 74 (18–266) | 75 (29–167) | 59 (22–115) | 81 (28–170) | 0.011 | 0.047 | 0.68 | 0.63 |
a
Per microliter of blood.
b
Kruskal-Wallis and nonparametric ANCOVA P values apply to groups of children with acute or convalescent malaria and controls and are adjusted with Benjamini-Hochberg corrections for multiple comparisons.
c
Conv, convalescent.
d
TCR, T cell receptor.