Table 2b.

Summary of Animal Models Used for Synthetic Polymer Studies

Reference	Animal	Site	Implant	Strain	CFU	Sclerosant	Infection Time	Debridement
(Garvin et al., 1994)	Dog	Proximal Tibia	PMMA	MSSA (ATCC 25923)	108	None	4 wk	Yes & PMMA removed
(Nelson et al., 1997)	Rabbit -NZW	Radius	None	MRSA (ATCC 49230)	5×106	None	4 wk	Yes
(Calhoun and Mader, 1997)	Rabbit -NZW	Proximal Tibia	Crushed allograft bone	Phage type 52/52A/80	104	None	4 wk	Yes, in select groups
(Ambrose et al., 2004)	Rabbit -NZW	Radius	None	MSSA (ATCC 49230)	2×106	None	4 wk	Yes
(Cevher et al., 2007)	Rat -Wistar	Proximal Tibia	K-wire	MRSA clinical isolate	2×106	None	3 mo	Yes & K-wire removed
(Orhan et al., 2010)	Rat -Wistar	Proximal Tibia	K-wire	MRSA clinical isolate	2×106	None	3 mo	Yes & K-wire removed
(Tsiolis et al., 2011)	Rabbit -NZW	Proximal Femur	Needle	MRSA clinical isolate	2×107	None	3 wk	No; Need removed
(Le Ray et al., 2005)	Rabbit	Proximal Tibia	Hemostatic compress	MSSA (ATCC 25922) or MRSA (P9)	107	None	4 d	No; Compress removed
(El-Kamel and Baddour, 2007)	Rabbit -NZW	Proximal Tibia	Needle	MRSA (ATCC 33591)	106	Sodium morrhuate	2 wk	No
(Yagmurlu et al., 1999)	Rabbit	Proximal Tibia	K-wire	Clinical isolate (phage type 52/52b)	3×105	None	3 wk	No & wire not removed
(Laurencin et al., 1993)	Rat -SD	Proximal Tibia	PMMA + K-wire	MSSA clinical isolate	104	None	3 wk	No; Implant removed
(Chen et al., 2007)	Rabbit	Proximal Tibia	Silk thread	MSSA (ATCC 25923)	6×106	None	4 wk	Yes & thread removed
(Brin et al., 2008)	Rat -Fischer	Proximal Tibia	None	MSSA (ATCC 29213)	104	None	3 wk	Yes
(Li et al., 2010)	Rat -SD	Femur Mid-shaft	Polyacetal plate + K-wire	MSSA (Xen36)	106	None	6 hr	Yes; Implant not removed
(Guelcher et al., 2011)	Rat -SD	Femur Mid-shaft	Polyacetal plate + K-wire	MSSA (Xen36)	105	None	6 hr	Yes; Implant not removed
(Overstreet et al., 2015)	Rabbit	Radius	K-wire	MSSA (ATCC 49230)	5×106	None	3 wk	Yes & new K-wire placed

NZW – New Zealand White; SD – Sprague Dawley