. 2016 Jan 21;2016:4758734. doi: 10.1155/2016/4758734

Table 2.

Effect of fruit pulp extracts of eight cultivars of Z. jujuba and maslinic acid in protecting liver cells from CCl₄ induced cytotoxicity by ameliorating oxidative stress.

Treatment	LDH units/100 mg tissue wet wt.	SOD units/100 mg tissue wet wt.	CAT units/100 mg tissue wet wt.	GR units/100 mg tissue wet wt.
Control	7.83 ± 1.16	17.83 ± 1.47	15.00 ± 1.41	0.151 ± 0.012
CCl₄	43.53 ± 1.63	56.33 ± 2.25	87.5 ± 1.04	0.498 ± 0.008
AA	7.53 ± 1.47	17.5 ± 2.14	15.33 ± 1.75	0.150 ± 0.007
100 μg/mL UM	7.00 ± 2.09	17.43 ± 1.72	15.65 ± 1.37	0.156 ± 0.003
100 μg/mL CH	8.33 ± 1.16	17.23 ± 1.47	15.83 ± 1.22	0.159 ± 0.011
100 μg/mL GO	7.17 ± 1.47	17.0 ± 1.41	15.67 ± 1.67	0.158 ± 0.006
100 μg/mL SA	7.49 ± 1.13	17.60 ± 1.56	15.66 ± 1.45	0.153 ± 0.012
100 μg/mL KA	7.13 ± 0.98	17.89 ± 1.23	15.78 ± 1.43	0.155 ± 0.009
100 μg/mL AP	7.91 ± 1.23	17.56 ± 1.45	15.06 ± 1.72	0.153 ± 0.006
100 μg/mL ME	7.55 ± 1.56	17.33 ± 1.76	15.78 ± 1.76	0.158 ± 0.002
100 μg/mL WI	7.34 ± 1.89	17.09 ± 1.45	15.03 ± 1.29	0.156 ± 0.005
10 μg/mL MA	8.01 ± 1.76	17.21 ± 1.34	15.34 ± 1.09	0.154 ± 0.006
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL UM	19.83 ± 1.21^∗	22.17 ± 1.16^∗	25.74 ± 2.28^∗	0.206 ± 0.008^∗
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL CH	22.74 ± 2.48^∗	24.5 ± 0.54^∗	28.24 ± 1.09^∗	0.236 ± 0.008^∗
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL GO	19.33 ± 1.98^∗	20.78 ± 0.67	22.77 ± 2.89	0.213 ± 0.004
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL SA	27.0 ± 0.89^∗	38.17 ± 1.94^∗	36.67 ± 0.81^∗	0.298 ± 0.008^∗
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL KA	34.33 ± 1.04^a	32.0 ± 0.89^a	44.67 ± 1.03^a	0.362 ± 0.008^a
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL AP	39.33 ± 0.81^a	48.67 ± 0.81^a	47.83 ± 0.75^a	0.386 ± 0.005^a
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL ME	21.33 ± 2.48^∗	23.5 ± 0.57^∗	27.44 ± 1.39^∗	0.256 ± 0.008^∗
CCl₄ + 100 μg/mL WI	39.33 ± 0.81^a	48.67 ± 0.81^a	47.83 ± 0.75^a	0.386 ± 0.055^a
CCl₄ + 10 μg/mL MA	15.83 ± 1.21^∗	19.17 ± 1.16^∗	23.74 ± 2.28^∗	0.216 ± 0.003^∗
CCl₄ + 50 mM AA	13.67 ± 1.03^∗	15.33 ± 1.63^∗	19.83 ± 1.83^∗	0.189 ± 0.018^∗

Cytotoxicity was assessed in terms of % lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released, and the response to oxidative stress was measured in terms of antioxidant enzymes. SOD: superoxide dismutase; CAT: catalase; GR: glutathione reductase activity. Ascorbic acid (AA) was used as a standard. UM: Umaran; CH: Chhuhar; GO: Gola; SA: Sannur; KA: Kadaka; AP: Apple; ME: Mehrun; WI: Wild; MA: maslinic acid.

Values represent means of at least three experiments and their standard deviation.

^aSignificantly different compared with respective CCl₄ treated group, p < 0.05.

^∗Significantly different compared with respective CCl₄ treated group, p < 0.001.