Table 1.
Descriptive statistical data for a pilot cohort of risperidone-treated South African patients (n = 24) experiencing ADRs, and evaluation of related and confounding factors.
| Descriptive statistics |
Comparative statistics P-value (correlation coefficient if applicable) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Mean | SD | Range | AIMS | BAS | SAS | WG | |
| Female/male | 8/16 | 0.637 | 0.182 | 0.038 | 0.928 | |||
| Black/white | 9/15 | 0.086 | 0.656 | 0.694 | 0.227 | |||
| Age | 32.9 | 12.4 | 18–61 | 0.331 (0.150) | 0.709 (− 0.062) | 0.289 (0.161) | 0.699 (0.063) | |
| Cigarettes (per day) | 11a | 9.0 | 9.1 | 0–20 | 0.124 (− 0.257) | 0.670 (0.077) | 0.175 (− 0.224) | 0.259 (0.200) |
| Dosage (mg/day) | 3.9 | 1.8 | 1–7 | 0.714 (− 0.060) | 0.703 (− 0.067) | 0.642 (0.074) | 0.903 (0.021) | |
| Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) | ||||||||
| AIMS (max = 40) | 8.0 | 7.6 | 0–22 | – | 0.291 (0.182) | 0.233 (0.189) | 0.004 (− 0.484) | |
| BAS (max = 14) | 2.1 | 3.6 | 0–11 | – | 0.752 (0.054) | 0.458 (− 0.136) | ||
| SAS (max = 40) | 7.2 | 6.7 | 0–20 | – | 0.010 (− 0.435) | |||
| Weight gained (WG) | 6.9 | 13.3 | 0–45 | – | ||||
| CYP2D6 predicted phenotype | ||||||||
| PM | 4 | 0.841 | 0.797 | 0.335 | 0.855 | |||
| IM | 9 | |||||||
| EM | 11 | |||||||
More than 10 cigarettes per day. ADRs were compared to sex and race using the Mann–Whitney test. ADR occurrences were evaluated for correlation with other ADRs, age, cigarettes smoked and dosage using Kendall's tau-b. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate whether predicted phenotypes significantly influence each ADR. This test does not identify where the difference is, but whether or not there is a statistical difference at all. In this case a P-value is generated per ADR and not per predicted phenotype. Movement disorders measured using Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS) and the Simpson-Angus Scale (SAS).