TABLE 3.

Means and Standard Deviations of Post-Intervention and Six-Month Outcomes by Experimental Condition; Test Statistic, Significance Level, and Effect Size for PFR

	Post-intervention					Six-month follow-up
	EES (n=25)	PFR (n=18)				EES (n=25)	PFR (n=18)
	Adj M (SD)	Adj M (SD)	F	p	d	Adj M (SD)	Adj M (SD)	F	p	d
Parent Report Outcomes
RAB Understanding Toddlers	51.57 (3.58)	51.22 (4.84)	0.06	.814	−.10	51.18 (5.09)	52.02 (4.95)	0.29	.594	0.22
PSI Difficult child	8.67 (3.95)	9.36 (4.84)	0.16	.691	−.16	9.95 (4.16)	7.96 (5.79)	1.29	.263	0.44
PSI Parent-child dysfunction	3.96 (3.90)	5.70 (4.11)	1.28	.265	−.46	4.47 (4.51)	4.96 (5.32)	0.12	.731	−0.13
Observed Parent Outcomes
NCATS Parent sensitivity	11.46 (4.52)	12.58 (4.88)	0.55	.464	.30	13.27 (3.92)	14.64 (2.99)	1.37	.249	0.45
IPCI Parent support	2.04 (0.36)	2.05 (0.34)	0.01	.934	.03	2.05 (0.40)	2.36 (0.40)	5.14	.029	0.87
Parent Report Child Outcomes
BITSEA Competence	16.77 (2.87)	17.72 (2.74)	0.94	.339	.41	18.05 (2.24)	18.52 (2.82)	0.32	.573	0.22
BITSEA Problem behavior	9.23 (4.46)	10.29 (6.54)	0.37	.549	−.26	10.59 (5.89)	7.75 (5.21)	2.07	.159	0.57
CBCL Internalizing						6.92 (5.16)	6.50 (3.61)	0.05	.818	0.09
CBCL Externalizing						15.54 (7.53)	11.48 (7.65)	2.06	.159	0.55
Observed Child Outcomes
BRS Emotional regulation						3.92 (0.65)	4.19 (0.75)	1.30	.261	0.44
BRS Exploration						4.39 (0.58)	4.42(0.47)	0.02	.884	0.06
TAS45 Secure base behavior	0.15 (0.06)	0.13 (0.06)	0.59	.446	−.31	0.12 (0.07)	0.14 (0.10)	0.39	.537	0.23
IPCI Engagement with parent	2.14 (0.52)	2.01 (0.49)	0.42	.52	−.26	2.32 (0.53)	2.45 (0.38)	1.50	.228	0.29

Notes: Adj M = mean adjusted for ANCOVA model covariates, SD = standard deviation, d = effect size (difference in adjusted mean/square root of mean square error) with a positive effect size indicating the difference favors the PFR condition. ANCOVA models adjust for baseline score, age of child, whether multiple removals, and time between baseline and the given follow-up assessment.