Table 1.
Vanilla Fusarium wilt disease incidence and pathogen abundance.
| Cropping regime | Soil compartment | Disease incidence (%) | Fusarium RA | F. oxysporum RA | Log10F. oxysporum ITS copies g−1 soil |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black pepper-vanilla system | Bulk soil (BB) | 15.56 ± 3.85 b | 6.79±2.23 b | 5.51±2.75 b | 4.80±0.08 d |
| Rhizosphere soil (BR) | 10.36±1.31 b | 8.66±1.15 b | 5.60±0.15 b | ||
| Vanilla monoculture system | Bulk soil (VB) | 62.22 ± 10.08 a | 10.23±0.82 b | 5.59±0.37 b | 5.13±0.13 c |
| Rhizosphere soil (VR) | 26.18±7.54 a | 22.89±6.80 a | 6.18±0.09 a |
Values are means ± standard deviation (n = 3). RA, Relative abundance.
Means followed by the same letter for a given factor are not significantly different (P < 0.05; Turkey's HSD test where there are more than two treatment levels and Student's t-test where there are two treatment levels).