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. 2016 Feb 9;7:108. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00108

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Copyright © 2016 Kai, Effmert and Piechulla.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Different bacterial volatile test systems. (A) Passive diffusion in the Petri dish system (upper panel: open system, lower panel: closed system). (B) Passive diffusion targeting the roots. (C) Passive diffusion in container systems useful for older and bigger plants targeting the aerial plant parts (left: bacteria grown on Petri dishes, right: bacteria grown in liquid nutrient medium). (D) Dynamic air stream system targeting the aerial plant parts. (E) Dynamic air stream system targeting the roots.