Table 1.

Characteristics of participants who returned questionnaires (responders) versus those who did not (non-responders)

Variable	Responders (n=53)	Non-responders (n=53)	p Value
Age	71.1±10.3	70.9±12.1	0.93
Male	2 (3.8%)	2 (3.8%)	1.0
Years since ABS presentation	4.9±2.7	5.0±2.6	0.94
Risk score >1*	26 (54.2%)	28 (52.8%)	0.89
Any stressor identified	31 (58.5%)	38 (71.0%)	0.15
Emotional stressor	15 (28.3%)	17 (32.1%)	0.67
ABS recurrence	3 (5.7%)	4 (7.6%)	0.70

Results presented as mean±SD or number (%).

*(Mayo Clinic) risk score: 1 point each for the following components: age >70 years; presence of physical stressor; ejection fraction <40% on first presentation. Scores of 1, 2 or 3 points are associated with a 28%, 58% or 85% risk of acute heart failure, respectively.¹⁶

ABS, apical ballooning syndrome.