Table 2.
Study group characteristics of n = 15,615 study participants of whom 9,838 had a follow-up dental examination
| Age group (n = baseline/follow-up) | p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30-34 year (n = 161/108) | 35-44 year (n = 5,664/3,579) | 45-54 year (n = 5,261/3,290) | 55-62 year (n = 4,529/2,861) | by age | by sex | |
| Percent men/women | 45 / 55 | 49 / 51 | 50 / 50 | 48 / 52 | ||
| Number of teetha | 29.4 (28.9-29.9) | 28.9 (28.8-29.0) | 27.7 (27.7-27.8) | 24.7 (24.6-24.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Caries follow-upb, years | 3.94 (3.68-4.23) | 3.71 (3.66-3.76) | 3.70 (3.65-3.75) | 3.67 (3.62-3.72) | 0.177 | 0.035 |
| Caries status | ||||||
| ᅟDMFTa | 9.6 (8.8-10.4) | 14.4 (14.3-14.6) | 20.5 (20.4-20.6) | 24.4 (24.2-24.5) | <0.001 | 0.321 |
| ᅟDMFSa | 24.9 (22.7-29.3) | 37.2 (36.7-37.8) | 58.6 (58.0-59.1) | 82.8 (82.2-83.4) | <0.001 | 0.154 |
| ᅟDMFS incidencec | 1.1 (0.7-1.8) | 1.1 (1.0-1.3) | 1.5 (1.4-1.6) | 1.9 (1.7-2.0) | <0.001 | 0.058 |
| BMIa | 26.0 (25.3-26.6) | 26.1 (26.0-26.3) | 26.6 (26.4-26.7) | 26.9 (26.8-27.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Dieta | ||||||
| ᅟenergy, kCal/day | 1.907 (1.827-1.988) | 1.756 (1.743-1.769) | 1.724 (1.711-1.738) | 1.661 (1.646-1.677) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| ᅟcarbohydrates, E% | 46.0 (44.9-47.0) | 45.9 (45.8-46.1) | 46.8 (46.6-47.0) | 49.7 (49.5-49.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| ᅟfat, E% | 38.0 (36.9-39.0) | 36.1 (35.9-36.3) | 35.6 (35.4-35.7) | 33.1 (32.9-33.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| protein, E% | 14.6 (14.2-15.0) | 15.0 (14.9-15.1) | 14.9 (14.8-14.9) | 15.1 (15.0-15.2) | 0.337 | <0.001 |
| sugar, E% | 6.3 (5.8-6.7) | 5.6 (5.5-5.7) | 5.3 (5.3-5.4) | 5.9 (5.8-6.0) | 0.001 | 0.083 |
| Alcohola, g/day | 3.6 (2.8-4.3) | 3.8 (3.6-3.9) | 4.1 (4.0-4.3) | 4.2 (4.0-4.3) | 0.717 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ᅟpresent, % | 15.6 | 11.5 | 17.3 | 15.9 | ||
| ᅟpast, % | 20.6 | 20.8 | 33.9 | 41.1 | ||
| ᅟnever, % | 63.7 | 67.7 | 48.9 | 43.0 | ||
| Snuff use | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ᅟpresent, % | 28.7 | 23.3 | 20.0 | 12.6 | ||
| ᅟpast, % | 9.4 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 11.6 | ||
| ᅟnever, % | 61.9 | 64.2 | 67.0 | 75.8 | ||
| University education, % | 25.0 | 30.5 | 27.1 | 21.2 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Physically inactive, % | 12.5 | 14.5 | 15,4 | 18.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Two or more medicines, % | 0.6 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 15.5 | <0.001 | 0.641 |
| Sick leave ≥6 months, % | 7.0 | 17.3 | 22.5 | 32.4 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
N-values are for numbers at baseline / numbers at follow-up
aMean (95 % CI) adjusted for sex, age and screening year; bMean (95 % CI); cmean (95 % CI) adjusted for sex, age, screening and follow-up years