Table 3.
Differences in sleep features pre- to post-treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) in older adults with insomnia.
| Sleep feature | Pre- to post-CBTI (n=54)
|
Z | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-treatment | Post-treatment | |||
| Questionnaires | ||||
| Insomnia Severity Index | 13.37(4.16) | 4.28(4.37) | −6.56 | <.001*** |
| Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep | 30.99(11.06) | 22.38(9.98) | −5.90 | <.001*** |
| Actigraphy | ||||
| SOL, M | 10.90(8.75) | 9.52(8.38) | −0.58 | .566 |
| WASO, M | 49.38(18.82) | 35.85(16.36) | −5.35 | <.001*** |
| TST, M | 400.46(55.31) | 359.97(42.70) | −4.74 | <.001*** |
| SE, M | 84.39(5.51) | 86.89(4.40) | 3.93 | <.001*** |
| Sleep diary | ||||
| SOL diary, M | 28.66(20.51) | 20.29(24.08) | −4.70 | <.001*** |
| WASO diary, M | 64.41(44.74) | 28.54(30.53) | −5.46 | <.001*** |
| TST, min | 343.33(65.51) | 357.25(52.01) | −1.62 | .099 |
| SE | 69.41(12.24) | 86.73(9.37) | −6.62 | <.001*** |
| Sleep discrepancy variable | ||||
| SOL discrepancy, M | 17.82(18.02) | 6.69(12.01) | −4.28 | <.001*** |
| SOL discrepancy, ISD | 22.77(20.23) | 18.80(15.96) | −1.38 | .173 |
| WASO discrepancy, M | 15.11(43.53) | −7.32(34.09) | −4.43 | <.001*** |
| WASO discrepancy, ISD | 39.82(20.53) | 24.49(17.95) | −4.36 | <.001*** |
Note: ISD=individual standard deviation, SOL=sleep onset latency, WASO=wake after sleep onset, TST=total sleep time, SE=sleep efficiency. Values for SOL, WASO, and TST are reported in minutes.
***
p <.001