Table 2.

Validity criteria for ANAM, Axon, and ImPACT

ANAM	Axon (CogSport)	ImPACT
Consider Retest	Integrity Checks	Impulse Control Composite (ICC) > 30
Simple Reaction Time (SRT) accuracy < 56%	Processing Speed (PS) accuracy > 80%	Word Memory Learning (WML) < 69%
Code Substitution-Learning (CDS) accuracy < 56%	Attention (AT) accuracy > 80%	Design Memory Learning (DML) < 50%
Procedural Reaction Time (PRO) accuracy < 56%	Learning (LN) accuracy > 53%	Xs and Os (XO) total incorrect > 30
Mathematical Processing (MTH) accuracy < 56%	Working Memory (WM) accuracy > 53%	Three Letters (TL) total correct < 8
Matching to Sample (M2S) accuracy < 56%	PS speed < AT speed
Code Substitution-Delayed (CDD) accuracy < 56%	PS speed < WM speed
Simple Reaction Time 2 (SR2) accuracy < 56%
Questionable Effort

Note. ANAM and ImPACT criteria are labeled as invalidity criteria, whereas Axon’s criteria are scaled in the direction of validity. ANAM’s questionable effort index was derived to differentiate between individuals instructed to put forth suboptimal versus good effort and is described by Roebuck-Spencer et al.³²