Figure 2. DSF inhibits stem-like properties generated by induction of TGF-β in breast cancer cells.
A. ALDEFLUOR assay. DSF (15 μM) significantly decreased TGF-β (10 ng/ml) induced ALDH+ cell population. B. Immunofluorescence staining results of CD44 and CD24 expression in cells treated with TGF-β (10 ng/ml) alone or combined with DSF (15 μM) (× 400 magnification). C. Western blot results of CD44 and CD24 proteins derived from cells treated with TGF-β (10 ng/ml) alone or combined with DSF (5, 10, 15 μM). D. DSF inhibited mammosphere-forming ability in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells stimulated by TGF-β. Upper panel: The representative images of mammosphere formation assay (× 100 magnification). Values represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments.*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (in comparison with TGF-β).