Table 3.

Standardized Factor Loadings from the Second-Order SOIS Factor Model

	First-Order Factors
Items1	Factor 1: Limited English proficiency	Factor 2: Lack of legal immigrant status	Factor 3: Disadvantages in the workplace	Factor 4: Yearning for family & home country	Factor 5: Cultural dissonance with the US
1. You do not speak English well enough to get a good job and to do important things for yourself and your family	0.79
2. You cannot communicate in English well enough to enjoy life in this country (SF)	0.91
3. You feel that speaking and understanding English is very difficult	0.81
4. You or your family might be deported		0.59
5. You cannot get a driver's license since you do not have the right documents		0.74
6. Documentation problems keep you from getting the things you need for you and your family (SF)		0.77
7. Documentation problems keep you from getting the health care that you need for you and your family		0.76
8. Documentation problems make it difficult for you to visit your country		0.69
9. You don't have a job with benefits like health insurance			0.83
10. You don't have a job where you can take time off when you need it (sick days or vacation) (SF)			0.88
11. You are not able to advance or get a promotion in your job			0.81
12. You cannot compete with Americans in your work place			0.80
13. You miss your family and friends back in your home country				0.87
14. You feel emotional and sentimental when thinking of your life back in your country (SF)				0.99
15. How hard it is to learn how to do things here in the US (such as signing up your child for school or registering your car)					0.76
16. You feel it is hard to face new situations and circumstances here in the US (such as renting an apartment)					0.75
17. You feel it is hard to raise children in the US					0.79
18. You feel that cultural differences in the US are causing conflicts within your family					0.74
19. You feel people discriminate against you and you are treated as a second-class citizen					0.78
20. You feel Americans think that you don't really belong in their country (SF)					0.86
21. You feel this is not your country although you live here					0.82
Loadings of First-Order Factors on Second-Order Factor	0.67	0.93	0.93	0.67	0.79

¹Stem for all items: “In the past three months, how much stress or worry have you experienced because (of)...”; response options were 1= no stress, 2= a little stress, 3= moderate stress, 4= a lot of stress and 5= severe stress.

The following item was dropped: “How much stress or worry have you experienced because you feel that you cannot enjoy your cultural traditions here the way that you could in your country?”. It was originally assigned to Factor 4 in the conceptual model. Empirical results suggested standardized cross-loadings of nearly equivalent magnitude on Factors 4 & 5 (0.48 and 0.45, respectively). SF indicates that the item is part of the 5-item short form.