Table 1.

Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics of the study patients

Age (yrs)	64.7 ± 9.9
>75 (%)	14
Men (%)	87
CTO duration
Known by prior angiography (%)	31
Estimated based on clinical history (%)	69
CTO lesion age based on angiography (months)	21 (3-72)
Diabetes mellitus (%)	42
Dyslipidemia (%)	95
Hypertension (%)	91
Current or recent (within 1 year) smoking (%)	40
Prior myocardial infarction (%)	37
Prior PCI (%)	61
Prior CABG (%)	36
Prior valve surgery (%)	3
LVEF (%)	55 (45-60)
<40 (%)	19
CTO vessel
LAD (%)	21
LCX (%)	13
RCA (%)	61
Others (%)	6
Severe calcification (≥50% reference lesion diameter) (%)	15
Severe proximal tortuosity (2 bends >90 deg or 1 bend>120 deg) (%)	6
CTO occlusion length (mm)	30 (22-55)
CTO reference vessel diameter (mm)	2.8 ± 0.5
Prior attempt to open CTO (%)	18
In-stent CTO (%)	12
J-CTO score	2.7 ± 1.2

Values are mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range)

LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; RCA, right coronary artery.