Table 1. Standardized SEM coefficients for herbivore diversity indices.

Direct, indirect and total effects of plant species richness (PSR) on herbivore abundance, species richness, shannon evenness and dominance. Indirect effects are computed as the product of the PSR effect on plant biomass and the plant biomass effect on the diversity indices. Total effects are the sum of direct and indirect effects. Reported are also the effects of the four plant functional groups (Grasses, Legumes, Small Herbs and Tall Herbs). Coefficients in bold indicate a p-value <0.05.

Variables	Effects	PSR	Biomass	Grasses	Legumes	Small Herbs	Tall Herbs
Abundance	Direct	0.22	0.34	-0.15	-0.02	0.28	-0.02
	Indirect	0.21	-	-	0.05	-	0.03
	Total	0.43	-	-	0.03	-	0.01
Richness	Direct	0.58	-0.03	-0.15	-0.02	0.00	0.13
	Indirect	-0.02	-	-	-0.01	-	0.00
	Total	0.56	-	-	-0.03	-	0.13
Evenness	Direct	0.27	-0.42	0.16	-0.06	-0.18	0.12
	Indirect	-0.26	-	-	-0.07	-	-0.04
	Total	0.01	-	-	-0.13	-	0.08
Dominance	Direct	-0.51	0.28	-0.32	0.17	0.08	-0.14
	Indirect	0.17	-	-	0.04	-	0.02
	Total	-0.33	-	-	0.21	-	-0.12