Analysis of plasma specimens to determine levels of inflammatory cytokines and markers of microbial translocation. Plasma samples from individuals aged ≤35 years or ≥50 years were analyzed for the expression of inflammatory cytokines, using the Luminex 3D instrument. Significant differences were identified for CCL2 (A), with higher levels of CCL2 in older individuals detected by dichotomous comparison (*P = .007, by the Mann–Whitney test) and a correlation with age as a continuous variable (Spearman r = 0.45; P = .007). Soluble CD163 (sCD163), sCD14, intestinal fatty acid–binding protein (FABP), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels were also measured in plasma specimens. LPS (B) showed a significant relationship to age, with a significant difference between groups (**P = .005, by the Mann–Whitney test) and a correlation with age as a continuous variable (Spearman r = 0.53; P = .001). Bulk RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; C) matched to the plasma samples was extracted, and the number of CCL2 messenger RNA (mRNA) copies, relative to that for β-actin was assessed, demonstrating significantly higher expression in the group aged ≥50 year (***P = .010, by the Mann–Whitney test).