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Finite element models of five human patellofemoral joints were created for this study. The bones were modeled as rigid bodies whereas the articular layers of the patella and femur were modeled using biphasic (porous-deformable) materials. The patella tendon was modeled using two linear springs (not shown). VL: vastus lateralis; VMO: vastus medialis obliquus; RF: rectus femoris; VML: vastus medialis longus.
