Table 2.
Physical therapies.
| First author and year | Number of patients | Method | Cure rate | Follow-up (mean) |
Recurrence rate | Pros and cons |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Photodynamic therapy (PDT) | ||||||
| Pellegrino 2011 [37] | 2 | PDT | 100% | 9 months | 0 | Case report. |
| Gilaberte 2010 [30] | 5 | PDT + curretage | 80% | Not reported | Not reported | Retrospective, confounder with curettage, follow-up not reported. |
|
| ||||||
| Cryotherapy | ||||||
| Senel 2010 [47] | 1 | Cryotherapy ×2 | 100% | 12 months | 0 | Case report. |
|
| ||||||
| Argon laser | ||||||
| Hesse 1994 [18] | 9 pts/16 lesions | Biopsy + argon laser for surface and underlying cartilage | 56% | 3–16 months | “No real recurrence” (4 patients with recurrence after 3–16 months, retreated) | Prospective. |
|
| ||||||
| CO 2 laser | ||||||
| Taylor 1991 [19] | 11 pts/12 lesions | CO2 laser to vaporize the cutaneous nodule and involved cartilage + decompression for 3-4 weeks | 100% | 2–15 months | 0 | Prospective. Confounder with decompression. |
| Karam 1988 [38] | 3 | CO2 laser at 15 W | 100% | 24 months | 0 | Case series. |
|
| ||||||
| Curettage/electrocauterization | ||||||
| Kromann 1983 [21] | 142 | Curettage followed by electrocauterization | 69% | 7,1 years (average) | 31% | Retrospective. Confounder with many other therapies. |