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. 2016 Feb 10;6:20968. doi: 10.1038/srep20968

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Illustration of the positive feedback loop between miR218 and Wnt signaling that constantly renews Wnt signaling through regulation of the Wnt inhibitor sFRP2. mir218 and canonical Wnt signaling regulate CSC proliferation and differentiation through a variety of mechanisms. Canonical Wnt signaling induces miR218 transcription. miR218 subsequently downregulates the key Wnt signaling antagonist sFRP2, thereby potentiating Wnt signaling. These two actions promote a gene expression program that is necessary for CSC proliferation and differentiation.