Table 1. List of differentially expressed genes from RNA-Seq.

	Gene	Description	Accession	log2-fold change			P value
				C vs. A	S vs. A	C vs. S	C vs. A	S vs. A	C vs. S
C≠A; S≠A	GRIN2C	glutamate receptor	ENSGALG00000027415	3.98	3.53	0.45	0.00018	0.00065	NS
	IDO2	indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase2	ENSGALG00000024085	3.91	3.22	0.69	0.00001	0.00020	NS
	SPAG-4 like	sperm-associated antigen 4-like	ENSGALG00000000443	−3.03	−4.28	1.25	0.00021	0.00000	NS
S≠A	H2B-I	histone H2B 1/2/3/4/6	ENSGALG00000027174	0.35	1.04	−0.69	NS	0.00059	NS
		uncharacterized protein	ENSGALG00000008635	1.01	2.51	−1.49	NS	0.00001	NS
	H2A-VII	histone H2A-IV	ENSGALG00000027113	0.66	1.06	−0.41	NS	0.00034	NS
	SEMA6D	semaphorin 6D	ENSGALG00000004844	0.69	1.07	−0.38	NS	0.00012	NS
	HERPUD1	homocysteine-inducible, endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1	ENSGALG00000001220	−0.34	−1.21	0.87	NS	0.00003	NS
	IP6K2	inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2	ENSGALG00000005701	0.41	1.07	−0.66	NS	0.00092	NS
	SLC6A6	sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter	ENSGALG00000006425	0.76	1.16	−0.40	NS	0.00060	NS
	PROK2	prokineticin 2	ENSGALG00000007785	−0.91	−2.93	2.02	NS	0.00083	NS
	LECT2	myeloid protein 1 precursor	ENSGALG00000006323	−1.17	−2.03	0.87	NS	0.00038	NS
	TMEM116	transmembrane protein 116	ENSGALG00000004760	0.40	1.03	−0.63	NS	0.00052	NS
	LAPTM4B	lysosomal protein transmembrane 4 beta	ENSGALG00000028628	−0.90	−1.92	1.02	NS	0.00071	NS
	GATA5	transcription factor GATA-5	ENSGALG00000005352	2.55	3.42	−0.87	NS	0.00012	NS
			ENSGALG00000000850	−0.89	−1.83	0.94	NS	0.00066	NS
	CKS1B	CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B	ENSGALG00000028664	−1.04	−1.65	0.61	NS	0.00047	NS
	LRRC3C	leucine rich repeat containing 3C	ENSGALG00000026789	−0.83	−2.39	1.56	NS	0.00073	NS
		uncharacterized protein	ENSGALG00000010993	0.67	1.46	−0.79	NS	0.00007	NS
	GAL7	gallinacin-7	ENSGALG00000022817	−0.92	−1.87	0.95	NS	0.00071	NS
	GAL2	gallinacin-2	ENSGALG00000016669	−1.36	−2.47	1.10	NS	0.00004	NS
	GJA1	gap junction alpha-1 protein	ENSGALG00000014873	−0.27	−1.15	0.87	NS	0.00025	NS
	SLITRK4	SLIT and NTRK-like family, member 4	ENSGALG00000007242	1.31	4.45	−3.14	NS	0.00009	NS
	TMEM86A	transmembrane protein 86A	ENSGALG00000006358	0.91	1.29	−0.38	NS	0.00078	NS
		uncharacterized protein	ENSGALG00000009387	−1.08	−2.26	1.18	NS	0.00038	NS
	BMF	bcl-2-modifying factor	ENSGALG00000014537	0.46	1.04	−0.58	NS	0.00002	NS
	TC2N	tandem C2 domains, nuclear	ENSGALG00000010738	1.04	1.37	−0.32	NS	0.00043	NS
	NXPH2	neurexophilin 2	ENSGALG00000029083	0.55	1.54	−0.99	NS	0.00009	NS
	GLUL	glutamine synthetase	ENSGALG00000003678	−0.08	−1.04	0.96	NS	0.00061	NS
	TNFSF10	tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10	ENSGALG00000009179	0.44	1.23	−0.80	NS	0.00064	NS
	HMCN1	hemicentin 1	ENSGALG00000005141	−0.57	−1.49	0.92	NS	0.00017	NS

Cut-off criteria were P < 0.001 and log₂-fold change > 1 between the albumen-deprived hens and the non-manipulated and sham-manipulated hens (3 genes) or between the albumen-deprived hens and the sham-manipulated hens (28 genes). Genes in italic were selected for measurements of gene expression via qPCR.