Figure 1. HCV up-regulates ANKRD1 expression level.

(A) Huh7.5 cells were either mock infected or infected with HCV Jc1 for 4 h and then mRNA levels of ANKRD1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR at the indicated time points. d.p.i., days postinfection. (B) Total cell lysates were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies at the indicated time points. (C) Huh7.5 cells were either mock infected or infected with Jc1 for 4 h. Cells were further transfected with ANKRD1-luc prompter reporter plasmid at one day prior to the indicated d.p.i. Cells were harvested and luciferase activities were determined at the indicated time points. Data from two independent experiments were quantified. (D) mRNA levels of ANKRD1 in Huh7 cells, IFN cured cells, and replicon cells derived from HCV genotype 1b were determined by qRT-PCR. (E) Protein levels of ANKRD1 in Huh7 cells, IFN cured cells, and replicon cells were immunoblotted with the indicated antibodies. (F) Human primary hepatocytes were infected with Jc1 for 4 h and harvested at 4 days postinfection. Total RNAs were extracted and ANKRD1 mRNA levels were quantified by qRT-PCR. Data represent averages from at least three independent experiments for panels (A,C,D,F). The asterisks indicate significant differences (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01) from the value for the control.