Table 4.
Determinants of hospital mortality
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95 % CI) | P value | OR (95 % CI) | P value | |
| Age | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.11 | ||
| Sex male | 1.36 (1.17–1.59) | <0.001 | ||
| NIHSS score | 4.01 (2.98–5.56) | <0.001 | 5.04 (1.56–16.28) | 0.007 |
| GCS score | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) | 0.36 | ||
| Smoking | 1.30 (0.86–1.99) | 0.22 | ||
| Excess alcohol consumption | 1.55 (1.27–1.88) | <0.001 | ||
| Pre-existing illnesses | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.18 (1.01–1.39) | 0.03 | ||
| Diabetes | 1.00 (0.95–1.06) | 0.89 | ||
| Coronary heart disease | 1.09 (0.85–1.67) | 0.31 | ||
| Kidney disease | 1.29 (0.52–3.19) | 0.59 | ||
| Chest CT | ||||
| GGOs | 0.49 (0.27–0.86) | 0.01 | ||
| Consolidation opacities | 2.00 (0.92–3.56) | 0.09 | ||
| Pleural effusions | 1.05 (0.65–5.22) | 0.25 | ||
| Air bronchogram | 1.91 (0.54–6.84) | 0.32 | ||
| PaO2/FiO2 | 0.19 (0.05–0.82) | 0.03 | ||
| APACHE II score | 2.22 (1.90–2.58) | <0.001 | 1.51 (1.05–2.16) | 0.03 |
| pH value | 0.99 (0.30–3.31) | 0.99 | ||
| Albumin | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.08 | 0.88 (0.79–0.97) | 0.001 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Corticosteroids | 0.33 (0.23–0.47) | <0.001 | 0.50 (0.35–0.70) | <0.001 |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 1.69 (0.74–3.88) | 0.21 | ||
| Invasive ventilation | 0.06 (0.01–0.59) | 0.02 | ||
| Time from diagnosis to corticosteroids treatment | 1.28 (0.90–1.82) | 0.16 | ||
Abbreviation: SD standard deviation, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, GGOs ground glass opacities, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, PaO 2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, FiO 2 fraction of inspired oxygen