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. 2016 Feb 10;7:111. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00111

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Copyright © 2016 Hol, Raaijmakers, Mons, Meyer and van Dam.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Average numbers of aphids (+SE) on plants infested with Pratylenchus penetrans (white squares), Meloidogyne incognita (gray triangles) or mock infested with water (black circles). (A) Aphid population development in the greenhouse experiment. n = 20–22 Different letters indicate significant differences in aphid population development (Repeated measures ANOVA followed by contrast analysis). (B) Aphid numbers in a simulation experiment, parameterized to resemble the greenhouse experiment in 1A.