Table 3.

Results of Multivariate Models Predicting Academic Achievement at Age 9

	Math achievement(n = 652)			Reading achievement(n = 652)
	B	SE	β	B	SE	β
ATL	4.14	1.52	.15*	.10	.85	.00
Age 5 academic skillsˆ	2.29	.61	.15**	2.68	.58	.23***
ATL* academic skills	−2.54	.94	−.11*	−2.09	.86	−.10*
Male	1.31	.91	.04	−1.28	.64	−.05
African American	−2.69	1.63	−.09	−2.33	1.56	−.09
Hispanic	−2.60	1.06	−.07*	−2.06	1.49	−.07
Other ethnicity	3.73	1.54	.05*	2.07	2.33	.03
Less than hs degree	1.65	1.33	.04	1.53	1.40	.05
Greater than hs degree	2.35	1.02	.09*	3.37	.95	.13**
Single parent	−.53	1.15	−.02	−.78	.86	−.03
Cohabiting parent	−1.87	1.40	−.06	−1.98	1.08	−.07
Receptive vocabulary	.32	.04	.32***	.28	.03	.32***
Age 5 problem behavior	−2.50	1.59	−.06	−2.87	1.47	−.08
R2	.37***			.38***

Note. ATL = Approaches to learning.

^ˆ Early reading skills was entered in the model predicting reading achievement, and early math skills was entered in the model predicting math achievement.

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001.