Table 2. Univariable logistic regression analyses for 3-year subjective improvement in lumbar spinal stenosis symptoms through nonsurgical treatment.
| Baseline factors | n | Odds ratio(95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| <65 | 40 | 1.69 (073–3.95) | 0.22 |
| 65–74 | 80 | 1.21 (0.58–2.51) | 0.61 |
| ≥75 | 65 | 1.00 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||
| <25 | 129 | 088 (0.45–1.73) | 0.71 |
| ≥25 | 56 | 1.00 | |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 77 | 1.19 (0.63–2.25) | 0.85 |
| Male | 108 | 1.00 | |
| Educational background (at least a high school graduate) | |||
| Yes | 134 | 1.00 | |
| No | 51 | 0.95 (0.47–1.91) | 0.88 |
| Cauda equina symptoms | |||
| Yes | 78 | 1.00 | |
| No | 107 | 4.42 (2.10–9.30) | < 0.001 |
| Degenerative spondylolisthesis/degenerative scoliosis | |||
| Yes | 86 | 1.00 | |
| No | 99 | 2.11 (1.10–4.03) | 0.03 |
| Duration of illness (months) | |||
| <12 | 47 | 3.68 (1.54–8.81) | 0.003 |
| 12–59 | 79 | 1.72 (0.76–3.89) | 0.2 |
| ≥60 | 59 | 1.00 | |
| Hypertension | |||
| Yes | 65 | 1.00 | |
| No | 120 | 1.96 (0.97–3.95) | 0.059 |
| GDS score (tertiles) | |||
| 0–2 | 73 | 2.07 (0.88–4.14) | 0.09 |
| 3–6 | 64 | 1.73 (0.88–4.83) | 0.22 |
| ≥7 | 48 | 1.00 |
BMI, body mass index; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; CI, confidence interval