Table 3. Multivariable logistic regression analyses for 3-year subjective improvement in lumbar spinal stenosis symptoms through nonsurgical treatment.
| Baseline factors | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|
| Cauda equina symptoms | ||
| Yes | 1.00 | |
| No | 3.31 (1.50–7.31) | 0.003 |
| Degenerative spondylolisthesis/degenerative scoliosis | ||
| Yes | 1.00 | |
| No | 2.53 (1.13–5.65) | 0.024 |
| Duration of illness (months) | ||
| <12 | 3.81 (1.46–9.98) | 0.007 |
| 12–59 | 1.87 (0.77–4.54) | 0.17 |
| ≥60 | 1.00 | |
| Hypertension | ||
| Yes | 1.00 | |
| No | 2.09 (0.92–4.78) | 0.08 |
| GDS score (tertiles) | ||
| 0–2 | 2.05 (0.80–5.25) | 0.14 |
| 3–6 | 1.80 (0.70–4.68) | 0.23 |
| ≥7 | 1.00 |
GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; CI, confidence interval