Figure 1. 5/6 nephrectomized mice develop cachexia with adipose tissue browning and skeletal muscle atrophy.

(A-I) Mice underwent sham or 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) surgery and were sacrificed 5 weeks later (n = 5-7). Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (A), plasma PTH levels (B) and body weight (C) were measured. Mice were placed into metabolic cages between post-surgery weeks 2 and 3, when the difference in body weight was small. Oxygen consumption (VO₂) (D) and physical activity (E) were monitored. Fat and muscle tissues were dissected and weighed (F). mRNA levels in iWAT (G), iBAT (H) and gastrocnemius muscle (I) were determined by RT-qPCR. The values are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.0005. See also Figure S1 and S2.