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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2015 Nov 11;111(3):535–544. doi: 10.1111/add.13183

TABLE 5.

Withdrawal and urge to use e-cigarette before and after 15 puffs

Scale Pre Post p-value
MNWS (0, none; 4, severe)
 Angry, irritable, frustrated 0.8 (1.0) 0.2 (0.4) 0.06
 Anxious, nervous 1.0 (1.0) 0.5 (0.8) 0.05
 Depressed mood, sad 0.2 (0.5) 0.0 (0.0) 0.19
 Desire or craving to smoke 1.9 (1.2) 0.7 (0.9) 0.007
 Difficulty concentrating 1.0 (1.0) 0.6 (1.0) 0.05
 Increased appetite, hungry 0.3 (0.4) 0.3 (0.5) 1.00
 Restless 1.0 (0.9) 0.7 (0.9) 0.17
 Impatient 1.3 (1.1) 0.5 (0.8) 0.01
 Dizziness 0.0 (0.0) 0.8 (1.2) 0.03
 Increased coughing 0.1 (0.2) 0.1 (0.3) 1.00
 Nausea 0.0 (0.0) 0.2 (0.6) 0.19
 Sorethroat 0.2 (0.5) 0.2 (0.4) 0.34
 MNWS total score (of 48) 7.8 (5.2) 4.8 (4.2) 0.007
QSU (0, strongly disagree; 7, strongly agree)
 Desire for e-cigarette now 4.5 (1.7) 2.5 (1.4) 0.002
 Nothing better than to vape now 3.9 (0.9) 2.0 (1.0) <0.001
 Would vape if possible 5.8 (1.5) 3.3 (2.1) 0.002
 Would control thing better 2.5 (1.5) 1.5 (0.9) 0.02
 All I want is an e-cigarette 3.4 (1.3) 1.6 (1.0) <0.001
 Urge for e-cigarette 4.6 (1.8) 2.2 (1.5) 0.002
 An e-cigarette would taste good 5.1 (1.5) 2.8 (1.6) 0.001
 Would do anything for an e-cigarette 2.4 (1.6) 1.3 (0.6) 0.03
 Vaping would make me less depressed 2.3 (1.5) 1.2 (0.6) 0.02
 Will vape and soon as possible 4.8 (1.8) 3.3 (2.1) 0.02
 QSU total score (of 7) 3.2 (1.2) 2.2 (1.1) <0.001
PANAS
 PANAS positive affect score (of 50) 26.4 (6.3) 26.5 (6.8) 0.99
 PANAS negative affect score (of 50) 13.6 (3.7) 11.2 (1.5) 0.03