Table 3.
Results From the Additional Moderation Tests of the Gene × Socioeconomic Status (SES) Interaction (a′ Effect Size)
| Meta-regression parameter | Moderation Model 1 (full sample) | Childhood subsample (age < 20
years) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline model | Moderation Model 2 | Moderation Model 3 | Moderation Model 4 | Moderation Model 5 | ||
| United States | .076 (.021) | .078 (.022) | .123 (.034) | .092 (.026) | .085 (.038) | .060 (.025) |
| Europe | −.026 (.022) | −.026 (.023) | .008 (.024) | −.009 (.017) | −.023 (.017) | −.028 (.023) |
| Difference | .102 (.032) | .104 (.035) | .114 (.034) | .101 (.034) | .108 (.043) | .087 (.037) |
| Older than 20 years | −.011 (.016) | — | — | — | — | — |
| Childhood age | — | — | −.003 (.002) | — | — | — |
| SES: single indicator (1) vs. composite (0) | — | — | — | −.031 (.031) | — | — |
| Test scores: Achievement or knowledge test (1) vs. intelligence test (0) | — | — | — | — | −.015 (.045) | — |
| Measure of cognitive ability: single (1) vs. composite (0) | — | — | — | — | — | .046 (.033) |
| τ | .029 (.012) | .033 (.013) | .030 (.013) | .031 (.012) | .032 (.012) | .027 (.016) |
Note: The bottom row (τ) shows the standard deviations of the random effects, which represent residual heterogeneity in effect sizes. Standard errors are given in parentheses.