Table 1.
Compound | Category | Chemical structure | Pharmacological properties |
---|---|---|---|
Gallotannins | Hydrolysable tannin | Antimicrobial [26], antioxidant [27] | |
| |||
Ellagitannins | Hydrolysable tannin | Anti-inflammatory, anticancer, cardiovascular protection [28], antioxidant, chemopreventive, antiapoptotic, anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (Anti-HCC) [29] |
|
| |||
Gallic acid | Phenolic compound | Anti-inflammatory [30], antimutagenic [31], cardioprotective [32], antioxidant [33], anticancer [34], antimicrobial [35], neuroprotective [36], immunosuppressive [37], improved cognition [38] |
|
| |||
Chebulic acid | Phenolic compound | Anti-HCV [39], antidiabetic [40], hepatoprotective [41], immunosuppressive [37] |
|
| |||
Chebulagic acid | Hydrolysable tannin | Hepatoprotective [41], antiviral [42], immunosuppressive [43], antidiabetic [44, 45], neuroprotective [46], antiangiogenesis [47], antiproliferative [48], anti-inflammatory [44] |
|
| |||
Chebulinic acid | Hydrolysable tannin | Antisecretory, cytoprotective [49], antiangiogenesis [50], antitumor [51] |
|
| |||
Ellagic acid | Phenolic compound | Antioxidant [52], anti-inflammatory [53], anti-diabetes-induced sexual dysfunction [54], hepatoprotective [55], antiarrhythmic [56], cognitive enhancer [57, 58] | |
| |||
Anthraquinone glycosides | Phenolic compound | Neuroprotective [59], antidiabetic [60] |