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(a) Effects of ginger phenylpropanoids and quercetin on Nrf2 antioxidant pathway of luciferase ARE reporter BJ fibroblasts. (b) Western blot analysis of GSTP1 protein expression of treated BJ fibroblasts. CON, GPP, and QUE denote vehicle controls with 0.05% DMSO, ginger phenylpropanoids, and quercetin, respectively. In the graphs, ∗ means a statistically significant value from that of controls (p < 0.025). Western blots were done as three biological replicates.
