Table 3. Pre- and post-intervention biochemical parameters a,b,c.
| Parameter | Groups | P Value d | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (n = 28) | L-Arginine 3, g/d (n = 27) | L-Arginine 6, g/d (n = 28) | ||||||||
| Before | After | P Value e | Before | After | P Value e | Before | After | P Value e | ||
| FBS, mg/dL | 97.39 ± 5.55 | 98.46 ± 4.41 | 0.265 | 97.41 ± 9.61 | 95.85 ± 7.61 | 0.171 | 99.25 ± 7.66 | 92.14 ± 7.47 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.504 ± 0.38 | 5.48 ± 0.37 | 0.460 | 5.544 ± 0.30 | 5.50 ± 0.27 | 0.086 | 5.632 ± 0.25 | 5.39 ± 0.29 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| TG, mg/dL | 221.21 ± 43.99 | 221.43 ± 43.84 | 0.933 | 222.59 ± 52.56 | 223.48 ± 52.75 | 0.859 | 224.04 ± 48.26 | 210.54 ± 52.76 | < 0.001 | 0.02 |
| TC, mg/dL | 229.11 ± 28.19 | 223.93 ± 31.02 | 0.041 | 231.30 ± 28.85 | 224.81 ± 29.98 | 0.007 | 237.25 ± 32.693 | 221.00 ± 31.63 | < 0.001 | 0.002 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 134.11 ± 27.56 | 134.36 ± 26.68 | 0.862 | 138.41 ± 23 | 132.78 ± 22.86 | < 0.001 | 130.39 ± 23.58 | 121.89 ± 23.50 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 39.21 ± 2.60 | 38.75 ± 2.92 | 0.445 | 39.04 ± 3.67 | 40.11 ± 3.46 | 0.063 | 40.75 ± 2.79 | 44.46 ± 2.71 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| MDA, mmol/L | 4.83 ± 0.62 | 4.8712 ± 0.59 | 0.624 | 4.89 ± 0.52 | 3.6718 ± 0.37 | <0.001 | 4.85 ± 0.43 | 3.6492 ± 0.98 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
a Abbreviations: FBS, fasting blood sugar; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL, high density lipoprotein; MDA, malondialdehyde; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol.
b Data are presented as means ± standard deviations.
c Significance was defined at < 0.05.
d Repeated-measures analysis of covariance after adjusting for BMI. All covariates in Table 1 were included in the initial model; of these, only baseline BMI was found to have significant an interaction with the group effect.
e Paired t-test P value.