Figure 3. Figure 3. The cumulative probabilities of CVD events or death over time by maximum carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) above and below 2.6 mm are displayed. Martingale residuals obtained from Cox regression models were examined to assess the correct functional form of IMT (i.e., non-linear). Maximum IMT ≥ 2.6 mm was associated with a higher risk of CVD events or death, compared to patients with maximum carotid IMT < 2.6. Plotted values were calculated based on Cox regression adjusted for mean age (61), proportion of whites (0.76), proportion with diabetes (0.30), and history of CVD (0.42).