. 2016 Feb 11;15:24. doi: 10.1186/s12939-016-0312-1

Table 4.

Concentration indices for dental caries indices, by small-area material deprivation (Pampalon index)

Outcome variable	Concentration index which indicates the extent to which the dental caries index is concentrated by small-area deprivation^a
	2009/10	2013/14
	Concentration index (95 % confidence interval), p-value, (n)	Concentration index (95 % confidence interval), p-value, (n)
deft	Conc. index: −0.065 (−0.13 to −003), p = .039^*	Conc. index: −0.082 (−0.11 to −0.06), p < .001^*
deft	(n = 511)	(n = 2980)
deft if deft > 0	Conc. index: −0.027 (−0.07 to 0.017), p = .23	Conc. index: −0.041 (−.06 to −02), p < .001^*
deft if deft > 0	(n = 256)	(n = 1678)
DMFT	Conc. index: −0.14 (−0.31 to 0.04), p = .13	Conc. index: −0.031 (−0.12 to 0.055), p = .48
DMFT	(n = 505)	(n = 2939)
DMFT if DMFT > 0	Conc. index: −0.08 (−0.17 to .006), p = .067	Conc. index: −0.004 (−.042 to 0.034), p = .84
DMFT if DMFT > 0	(n = 48)	(n = 237)
2 or more teeth (permanent or primary) with untreated decay	Conc. index: −0.055 (−0.09 to −0.019), p = .003^*	Conc. index: −0.036 (−.048 to −024), p < .001^*
2 or more teeth (permanent or primary) with untreated decay	(n = 505)	(n = 2939)

deft number of decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth, DMFT number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth

^*Statistically significant at p < .05

^aConcentration index is bounded by −1 (all problems concentrated in the lowest SES) and +1 (all problems concentrated in the highest SES). Concentration index of zero = perfect equality. Here, a statistically significant negative concentration index indicates that the dental caries outcome is significantly concentrated amongst those with higher material deprivation