Table 2.
Cox regression analyses for predictors of ventricular arrhythmias (left) and fatal end point (death, heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation) (right) during 2 years from CRT implantation
| Ventricular arrhythmia (18/170) |
Death, heart transplantation, or LVAD (24/170) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||||
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Before CRT | ||||||||
| Age (years) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.54 | 0.98 (0.94–1.02) | 0.29 | ||||
| Female | 0.18 (0.02–1.38) | 0.10 | 1.08 (0.43–2.7) | 0.87 | ||||
| HR (bpm) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.22 | 1.02 (1.0–1.05) | 0.06 | ||||
| QRS (ms) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.83 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.98 | ||||
| ICM (n) | 4.29 (1.41–13.03) | 0.01 | 1.29 (0.58–2.89) | 0.53 | ||||
| NYHA class | 3.53 (0.97–12.80) | 0.06 | 2.97 (0.99–8.95) | 0.05 | ||||
| EF (%) | 0.99 (0.94–1.04) | 0.56 | 0.94 (0.90–0.98) | <0.001 | ||||
| ESV index (mL/m2) | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.01 | 1.01 (1.00–1.03) | 0.01 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.27 | ||
| GLS (%) | 1.11 (0.99–1.24) | 0.07 | 1.18 (1.07–1.30) | 0.001 | 1.16 (1.05–1.30) | 0.006 | ||
| MD (per 10 ms) | 1.00 (0.92–1.10) | 0.96 | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 0.27 | ||||
| GCS (%) | 1.14 (0.97–1.34) | 0.12 | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | 0.12 | ||||
| 6 months with CRT | ||||||||
| HR (bpm) | 1.02 (0.96–1.07) | 0.58 | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 0.27 | ||||
| NYHA class | 1.26 (0.41–3.93) | 0.69 | 5.08 (1.85–13.9) | 0.002 | ||||
| EF (%) | 0.95 (0.90–0.99) | 0.03 | 0.95 (0.90–1.01) | 0.08 | 0.90 (0.86–0.95) | <0.001 | ||
| CRT response | 0.38 (0.12–1.15) | 0.09 | 0.15 (0.04–0.51) | 0.003 | ||||
| GLS (%) | 1.15 (1.04–1.26) | 0.01 | 1.11 (1.01–1.22) | 0.03 | ||||
| MD (per 10 ms) | 1.21 (1.08–1.36) | 0.001 | 1.20 (1.06–1.35) | 0.005 | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | 0.81 | ||
| GCS (%) | 1.12 (0.96–1.29) | 0.14 | 1.19 (1.037–1.37) | 0.01 | ||||
Multivariate analyses were performed among significant parameters at 6 months to predict ventricular arrhythmias and among significant parameters before CRT to predict fatal end point.
bpm, beats per minute; CI, confidence interval; EF, ejection fraction; ESV, end-systolic volume; GCS, global circumferential strain; GLS, global longitudinal strain; HR, heart rate; ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy; MD, mechanical dispersion; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SR, sinus rhythm; VA, ventricular arrhythmia.