Short virus treatment with PG545 protects mice against HSV-2. HSV-2 (105 PFU) was treated with PG545 or muparfostat for 15 min prior to intravaginal administration to mice. Animals were monitored for survival rates (A), disease scores (B), viral DNA (C), and infectious virus (D) in vaginal lavage fluids sampled at day 3 postinfection. The number of animals (n) in each group in panels A and B is indicated in the legend box. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze survival data in panel A. ANOVA was used to analyze the data in panels C and D, and the horizontal bars indicate median values of each group. Asterisks indicate significant difference as follows: *, P < 0.05, and ***, P < 0.001.