Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by the EF group
| EF <50% (N = 520) | EF 50–54.99% (N = 712) | EF 55–59.99% (N = 879) | EF ≥60% (N = 1333) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 ± 9 | 68 ± 10 | 68 ± 9 | 70 ± 10 | <0.001 |
| Female gender | 190 (36.5%) | 345 (48.5%) | 449 (51.1%) | 791 (59.3%) | <0.001 |
| Black race | 38 (7.3%) | 52 (7.3%) | 74 (8.4%) | 138 (10.4%) | 0.05 |
| Region | |||||
| Americas | 197 (38%) | 289 (41%) | 422 (48%) | 858 (64%) | <0.001 |
| Russia/Georgia | 323 (62%) | 423 (59%) | 457 (52%) | 475 (36%) | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 128 ± 14 | 129 ± 13 | 129 ± 14 | 130 ± 14 | 0.12 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78 ± 10 | 77 ± 10 | 76 ± 10 | 74 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| History of HF hospitalization | 374 (71.9%) | 537 (75.4%) | 662 (75.5%) | 916 (68.7%) | <0.001 |
| History of myocardial infarction | 230 (44.2%) | 200 (28.1%) | 192 (21.9%) | 271 (20.3%) | <0.001 |
| History of hypertension | 450 (86.5%) | 643 (90.3%) | 803 (91.6%) | 1251 (93.8%) | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes | 149 (28.7%) | 195 (27.4%) | 285 (32.5%) | 489 (36.7%) | <0.001 |
| NYHA class | |||||
| 1 | 18 (3.5%) | 21 (2.9%) | 23 (2.6%) | 47 (3.5%) | 0.18 |
| 2 | 318 (61.2%) | 474 (66.6%) | 580 (66.2%) | 822 (61.8%) | |
| 3 | 181 (34.8%) | 217 (30.5%) | 268 (30.6%) | 455 (34.2%) | |
| 4 | 3 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (0.6%) | 7 (0.5%) | |
| Heart rate (b.p.m.) | 69.98 ± 10.17 | 69.49 ± 9.89 | 69.58 ± 10.12 | 68.16 ± 10.86 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (mg/m2) | 31.5 ± 7.2 | 31.2 ± 6.6 | 32.1 ± 7.3 | 32.9 ± 7.5 | <0.001 |
| ACE/ARB | 458 (88.1%) | 620 (87.1%) | 749 (85.3%) | 1073 (80.6%) | <0.001 |
| Beta-blockers | 407 (78.3%) | 577 (81.0%) | 682 (77.7%) | 1010 (75.8%) | 0.06 |
| Diuretics | 396 (76.2%) | 603 (84.7%) | 717 (81.7%) | 1101 (82.7%) | 0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.78 m2) | 69.6 ± 19.9 | 68.0 ± 21.4 | 68.0 ± 19.9 | 66.5 ± 19.6 | 0.021 |
EF, ejection fraction; BP, blood pressure; HF, heart failure; ACE/ARB, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.