Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate analysis of lymph node metastasis risk factors of early gastric cancer

Clinicopathological features	Univariate analysis	p	Multivariate analysis	p
	RR (95 % CI)		RR (95 % CI)
Gender
Male vs. Female	1.038 (0.578–1.865)	0.901
Age (years)
<50 vs. ≥50	0.514 (0.286–0.926)	0.027	0.444 (0.215–0.916)	0.028
Location
Upper 1/3	1.000	0.190
Middle 1/3	0.438 (0.168–1.143)	0.092
Lower 1/3	0.720 (0.367–1.415)	0.341
Macroscopic type
I + II vs. III/Mixed	3.165 (1.758–5.696)	<0.001
Size (cm)
<2.0 vs. ≥2.0	2.298 (1.285–4.109)	0.005
<1.5 vs. ≥1.5	4.402 (1.960–9.885)	<0.001
Histology
Adenocarcinoma vs. Other typesa	2.408 (1.385–4.185)	0.002
Differentiation
Differentiated vs. Undifferentiated	4.000 (1.982–8.072)	<0.001	3.724 (1.637–8.470)	0.002
Ulcer
Absent vs. Present	3.206 (1.772–5.803)	<0.001	2.710 (1.310–5.606)	0.007
Lymphovascular invasion
Absent vs. Present	20.192 (10.675–38.191)	<0.001	13.703 (6.515–28.822)	<0.001
Depth of invasion
Mucosa vs. Submucosa	7.290 (3.610–14.721)	<0.001	3.013 (1.369–6.631)	0.006

Other types^a: signet-ring cell carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, etc

RR Relative risk