Table 2.
Chronic HBV infection (HBsAg positivity) among injection drug users who had antibodies to HBVa in the San Francisco Bay area between 1998–2000
| Characteristic | No. | % HBsAg positive |
OR (95% CI) | p-valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 1745 | 3.1% | ||
| Age | ||||
| 18–29 years | 81 | 4.9% | 1.00 (referent) | 0.03 c |
| 30–39 years | 302 | 4.3% | 0.87 (0.27–2.73) | |
| 40–49 years | 906 | 3.2% | 0.64 (0.22–1.86) | |
| ≥50 years | 456 | 1.8% | 0.34 (0.10–1.17) | |
| Duration injection drug use | ||||
| ≤9 years | 137 | 2.2% | 1.00 (referent) | 0.57 c |
| 10–19 years | 299 | 4.0% | 1.87 (0.52–6.73) | |
| 20–29 years | 632 | 3.6% | 1.69 (0.50–5.70) | |
| ≥30 years | 632 | 2.5% | 1.16 (0.33–4.04) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1241 | 3.4% | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Female | 478 | 2.5% | 0.74 (0.38–1.41) | 0.35 |
| Race | ||||
| African American | 929 | 2.7% | 1.00 (referent) | |
| White | 589 | 3.7% | 1.40 (0.78–2.51) | 0.25 |
| Latino | 127 | 3.1% | 1.18 (0.40–3.44) | 0.77 |
| Others | 100 | 3.0% | 1.12 (0.33–3.77) | 0.86 |
| HCV infection | ||||
| Resolved | 301 | 8.0% | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Chronic | 1393 | 2.1% | 0.25 (0.14–0.43) | <0.0001 |
| Never infected | 51 | 2.0% | 0.23 (0.01–1.49) | 0.15 |
| HIV-1 | ||||
| Uninfected | 1506 | 2.8% | 1.00 (referent) | |
| Infected | 236 | 4.7% | 1.70 (0.86–3.36) | 0.12 |
a
Infection with HBV was defined by anti-HBc. Nineteen subjects with acute HBV infection, defined by the presence of HBc-IgM, were excluded.
b
P value from chi-square test unless indicated otherwise
c
P value for linear trend