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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet Respir Med. 2015 Dec 12;4(1):59–72. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00427-0

Figure 2. Manipulation of the microbiome and the prevention of critical illness.

Figure 2

(A) In diverse models of shock, germ-free mice are protected from the alveolar inflammation and injury seen in acute respiratory distress syndrome.90 (B) In clinical trials, manipulation of gut microbiota with antibiotics (selective decontamination of the digestive tract) protects against extra-abdominal infections, multiorgan failure, and death.91,92 Part A was adapted from reference 90 by permission of the American Association of Immunologists.