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. 2016 Feb 15;7:122. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00122

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Copyright © 2016 Zhang, Huang and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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AsA biosynthesis, degradation, and recycling pathways. The enzymes catalyzing the reactions are: GDP-d-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP), GDP-mannose-3′-5′-epimerase(GME), GDP-l-galactose transferase (GGP), l-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase (GPP), l-galactose dehydrogenase (GalDH), l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GalLDH), myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), ascorbate oxidase (AO), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR). Adapted from Liu et al. (2014).