Table 2. Effect of apocynin administration on whole lung cytokine, chemokine and protease mRNA expression in cigarette smoke (CS) and influenza A virus (IAV)-infected mice (7 days post infection).
| Treatment | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gene | Sham |
CS |
||||||
| Dil + Veh | Dil + Apo | IAV + Veh | IAV + Apo | Dil + Veh | Dil + Apo | IAV + Veh | IAV + Apo | |
| Cytokines | ||||||||
| GM-CSF | 1.00 | 2.20 | 1.44 | 1.20 | 1.44 | 1.72 | 2.80 | 1.45 |
| TNF-α | 1.00 | 6.33 | 38.19 | 27.17 | 4.58 | 6.48 | 135.90 | 34.67 |
| IL-1β | 1.00 | 0.24 | 3.6 | 1.58 | 1.96 | 3.06 | 36.60 | 18.57 |
| IL-6 | 1.00 | 1.75 | 8.94 | 7.14 | 2.14 | 2.14 | 24.38 | 7.62 |
| Chemokines | ||||||||
| CCL-2 | 1.00 | 3.02 | 109.74 | 84.04 | 3.85 | 2.7 | 132.1 | 94.8 |
| CXCL-2 | 1.00 | 1.92 | 3.48 | 1.36 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 4.57 | 2.55 |
| CXCL-10 | 1.00 | 0.55 | 96.53 | 44.79 | 0.88 | 0.53 | 64.41 | 49.69 |
| Proteases | ||||||||
| MMP-12 | 1.00 | 2.73 | 18.55 | 8.19 | 31.04 | 46.23 | 74.69 | 39.72 |
mRNA expression for all genes was measured simultaneously under identical conditions using quantitative real-time PCR. Responses for each time point are shown as fold change relative to sham + dil + veh mice after normalization to 18S rRNA (housekeeping gene). Data are shown as the average for duplicate reactions of 6–8 pooled whole lungs.