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. 2016 Feb 15;6:21005. doi: 10.1038/srep21005

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Effects of treatment with Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs), given either alone or combined with praziquantel (PZQ), on the immunohistochemical expression of human (A) alpha fetoprotein (AFP), (B) cytokeratin-7 (CK-7), (C) CK-18, (D) Hep par-1, (E) oval cell marker type-6 (OV-6), (F) alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and (G) vimentin in the liver sections of mice infected with S. mansoni. WJMSCs (1.5 × 10⁶ cells/mouse) were injected at either the 8^th (early) or 16^th (late) week (W) post infection. PZQ (500 mg/kg/day) was orally given at the 7^th W post infection for 2 consecutive days. Animals were sacrificed at the 10^th month post infection. Values are presented as means ± S.E. (n = 8–10). Significantly different (P < 0.05) ^£ versus WJMSCs (8W), ^@ versus WJMSCs (16W), and ^† versus PZQ + WJMSCs (8W). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. ^O Significant interaction when PZQ and WJMSCs were combined using factorial design.