Table 1.

Effects of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors on connexin expression.

Model	DNMTi	Upregulation	Downregulation	No effect	Reference
Human colon cancer cells	DAC	Cx43**			[23]
Human esophageal cancer cells	DAC			Cx26**/Cx43**	[19]
Human lung carcinoma cells	DAC	Cx26**			[14]
Human renal carcinoma cells	DAC	Cx32*,**			[16,109]
	EG	Cx32*			[18]
Human proximal tubular cells	DAC			Cx32*,**	[16]
Human breast cancer cells	DAC			Cx26**	[20]
	DAC	Cx26**			[33]
Human cervical carcinoma cells	DAC	Cx43*			[110]
Human nasopharyngeal cancer cells	DAC	Cx43*,**			[21]
Rat liver epithelial cells	DAC	Cx43**		Cx32**	[25]
Mouse pancreatic cancer cells	AZA			Cx36**	[30]
Mouse pituitary corticotrophic cells	AZA			Cx36**	[30]
Mouse neuronal cells	AZA			Cx36**	[30]
Mouse fibroblasts	AZA			Cx36**	[30]
Mouse embryonic cells	DAC		Cx31**/Cx43**/Cx45**		[31]

^*protein level;

^**mRNA level; AZA, 5-azacytidine; Cx, connexin; DAC, decitabine; DNMTi, DNA methyltransferase inhibitor; EG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate.